Fogo e seus efeitos na qualidade do solo de pastagem (Fire and its effects on the quality of pasture)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1703-1711Keywords:
Queimada, Pasto, Indicador, Microbiologia do solo.Abstract
No sul de Minas Gerais, o manejo de pastagem utilizando o fogo é comum. Poucos trabalhos abordam o efeito do fogo na qualidade do solo por meio da associação de atributos físicos, químicos e microbiológicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito imediato do fogo sobre atributos físicos, químicos e microbiológicos de solo de pastagem, classificado como Argissolo Vermelho Amarelo, de modo a observar a sua atuação como indicadores do impacto desse manejo. Foram estudados dois ambientes, queimado e não queimado, os quais foram subdivididos em 5 parcelas cada, com amostragem de solo emtrês profundidades (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm e 10-20 cm), para avaliação dos atributos físicos (textura, DMG, DMP, índice de floculação, macro e microporosidade, porosidade total), químicos (fertilidade básica) e microbiológicos (atividade e biomassa microbianas, quociente metabólico, densidade total de celulolíticos, amonificantes, desnitrificantes, nitrificantes e bactérias diazotróficas rizosféricas). O fogo não promoveu efeito na estrutura do solo e nos grupos microbianos estudados. Porém, proporcionou, na superfície do solo, maiores teores de P e K, e impactos negativos na biomassa microbiana e quociente metabólico, considerados bons indicadores do efeito do fogo na pastagem.
A B S T R A C T
The pasture management using fire is common. Few studies address the effects of fire on soil quality through the combination of physical, chemical and microbiological attributes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of fire on physical, chemical and microbiological pasture soil, in the southeast of Minas Gerais, classified as Red Yellow Ultisol, in order to observe their performance as the impact of management indicators. Two environments were studied burned and unburned, which were divided into five portions each with soil sampling at three depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm and 10-20 cm) for evaluation of physical attributes (texture, DMG, DMP, flocculation index, macro and microporosity, total porosity), chemical (basic fertility) and microbiological (activity and microbial biomass, metabolic quotient, total density of cellulolytic, ammonifiers, denitrifiers, nitrifiers and rhizospheric diazotrophic bacteria). The fire did not cause effect on soil structure and microbial groups studied. However, it provided, on the soil surface, higher levels of P and K, and negative impacts on microbial biomass and metabolic quotient, considered good indicators of the effect of fire on pasture.
Key-words: Burning, Pasture, Indicator, Soil microbiology.
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Copyright (c) 2016 Ana Camila Vieira, Rogério Melloni, Eliane Guimarães Pereira Melloni, Mariana Carvalho Guimarães, Mariana Santos Freitas, Danilo Pecoraro
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