Governança e Sustentabilidade Institucional das Políticas de Combate à Desertificação no Brasil: Uma Análise Comparativa com as Instituições e Processos Globais da Convenção das Nações Unidas de Combate à Desertificação (UNCCD) (Governance and...)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5935/1984-2295.20150081Keywords:
Governança, Sustentabilidade Institucional, Combate à Desertificação no BrasilAbstract
No contexto das políticas ambientais brasileiras, a exemplo das ações de combate à desertificação, nota-se uma enorme carência de sustentabilidade institucional devido à falta de comprometimento contínuo na manutenção dos objetivos acordados e dos resultados alcançados. Diante desse contexto, o artigo pretende verificar em que nível de sustentabilidade institucional se encontra a política nacional de combate à desertificação no Brasil comparando-a com as instituições e processos da Convenção das Nações Unidas de Combate à Desertificação (UNCCD) operacionalizados em nível global. No estudo foram analisadas: a política global de combate à desertificação no âmbito das instituições e processos da UNCCD e a Política Nacional de Combate à Desertificação (PNCD). Foram calculados dois índices, um para mensurar o nível de governança e outro para mensurar o nível de desenvolvimento institucional das políticas estudadas. Com base nesses dois índices o estudo demonstrou que a PNCD apresenta sustentabilidade institucional moderada, enquanto as instituições e processos globais da UNCCD apresentam sustentabilidade institucional muito forte sem risco de descontinuidade. A melhoria do desempenho da PNCD em termos de sustentabilidade institucional se dará pelo investimento na institucionalização dos elementos da governança que qualificam a participação social sobre os aspectos institucionais da política (base legal, aparato institucional, planejamento e controle social).
A B S T R A C T
In the context of Brazil's environmental policies, such as the actions to combat desertification, there is a huge lack of institutional sustainability due to lack of continued commitment in maintaining the agreed goals and outcomes. In this context, this paper aims to check the level of institutional sustainability of the national anti-desertification policy in Brazil comparing it to the institutions and processes of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) operated globally. In the study we analyzed the global policy to combat desertification within the institutions and processes of the UNCCD and the National Policy to Combat Desertification (NPDC). Two indices were calculated, one for measuring the level of governance and another to measure the institutional development level of the studied policies. Based on these two indices the study showed that NPDC has moderate institutional sustainability, while the UNCCD processes have very strong institutional sustainability without risk of discontinuity. Improving PNCD performance in terms of institutional sustainability will be made by the investment in the institutionalization of governance elements that qualify social participation on the institutional aspects of politics (legal basis, institutional framework, planning and social control).
Keywords: Governance; Institutional sustainability; Combat Desertification in Brazil; UNCCD.
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